HLT 540 Grand Canyon All Week Assignments
HLT 540 Grand Canyon All Week Assignments
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HLT 540 Grand Canyon All Week Assignments
HLT540
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
2 Assignment
Evidence-Based Research
Interview
Details:
Identify, analyze, and
discuss the components that comprise a valid evidence-based research study.
Based on the information
compiled above, interview a health care leader about his/her experiences
related to using evidence-based research to drive changes in practices in
his/her facility.
Write a report
(1,000-1,250 words) of your findings. Include the following in your report:
1) The changes that the
health care leader has been involved in implementing.
2) How strong did the
leader feel the research on the topic was? Why?
3) Have they ever rejected
research findings? Why or why not?
4) Include any concerns
they have had or resistance they have experienced when implementing changes
based on research.
5) Analyze your findings
as they apply to the components of evidence-based research.
Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
3 Assignment 1
Coyne and Messina
Articles, Part 1 Analysis
Details:
1) In a paper (1,000-1,250
words), compare and contrast the major elements of the reports by Coyne et al.
and Messina et al., listed in the Module 2 Readings.
2) Complete the “Coyne and
Messina Articles Analysis.” Study the information in the right-side column
related to the Coyne, et al. study, which identifies the required elements as
found in the reading. Complete the information for the Messina et al. article
by identifying the required elements from the article.
3) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
4) This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
Coyne and Messina Articles
Analysis
As an example guideline,
review the study components in the left-side column of the table below. Read
the study by Messina et al., and build the data in the right-side column with
the key components in that study.
Research Question:
Coyne: Do size and
ownership type make a difference in the efficiency and cost results of
hospitals in Washington state? (Highlight p.164, second column, starting 15
lines from bottom to seven lines from bottom.)
Messina:
How did the research
question emerge from the review of literature in the article?
Coyne:
Built on an earlier study
by Coyne on performance differences between multi-facility systems and
independent hospitals using two cost measures. Cited studies that used a range
of variables to measure differences in hospital performance, and noted that
prior findings have been inconclusive in regard to hospital size, although
economies of scale were found.
Messina:
Independent Variables
Type:
Coyne:
Hospital size and hospital
ownership structure.
Categorical
Messina:
Dependent Variables
Type:
Coyne:
Efficiency measures –
continuous variables.
Cost measures – continuous
variables.
Messina:
Design Elements
- Quantitative
vs. Qualitative
- Sample Size
- Method of
sample selection
- Experimental
vs. control group?
- Reliable and
valid data instruments?
Coyne:
Quantitative 96
Picked all hospitals in
state, except investor owned hospitals.
No
Used data that are
commonly used to measure hospital efficiency and performance with high degrees
of accuracy (reliable), and data that are historically used and make sense to
other hospital users (valid).
Messina:
Describe analysis.
What statistics were used?
Coyne:
Two-way Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA)
Messina:
Did the researchers’
conclusions make sense, did they answer the research question, and did they
appear to flow from the review of the literature?
Did they explore control
of extraneous variables?
Coyne:
They concluded that size
and ownership type make a difference in reported levels of efficiency. Not for
profits seem to achieve higher performance levels, and medium and large not for
profits operate more efficiently than industry average. The same results were
found for cost levels, in that size and ownership type do make a difference,
with medium sized hospitals reporting lower costs than large or small
hospitals.
Yes, when they called for
national studies that controlled for case mix, scope of services, and payer
mix, all of which could have affected the results in this study in an unmeasured
way.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
3 Assignment 2
Assessing a Research Study
Details:
1) Choose a research study
article of interest to you.
2) Refer to the study you
choose and complete “Assessing a Research Study.”
3) Identify an article
that directly references your chosen study and compare it to your findings.
Does this article refute or confirm the study’s findings?
4) Write a paper
(750-1,000 words) that analyzes and summarizes your findings.
5) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
6) This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
Assessing a Research Study
Review the study
components in the left-side column of the form below. Refer to the study you
chose, and complete the data in the right-side column with the key components
in that study.
Research Question:
How did the research
question emerge from the review of literature in the article?
Independent Variables
Type:
Dependent Variables
Type:
Identify and Define the
Study Design Elements:
- Quantitative
vs. Qualitative:
- Sample Size
- Method of
sample selection: Explanation.
- Identify and
define the experimental and control groups?
- Reliable and
valid data instruments? Explain.
Describe analysis.
What statistics were used?
Did the researchers’
conclusions make sense, did they answer the research question, and did they
appear to flow from the review of the literature?
Did they explore control
of extraneous variables?
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
4 Assignment
Coyne and Messina Articles
Part 2 Statistical Assessment
Details:
1) Write a paper of
1,000-1,250 words regarding the statistical significance of outcomes as
presented in Messina’s, et al. article “The Relationship between Patient
Satisfaction and Inpatient Admissions Across Teaching and Nonteaching
Hospitals.”
2) Assess the
appropriateness of the statistics used by referring to the chart presented in
the Module 4 lecture and the resource “Statistical Assessment.”
3) Discuss the value of statistical
significance vs. pragmatic usefulness.
4) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
5) This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
5 Assignment 1
Broyles Textbook Practice
Exercise
Details:
Complete “Practice
Exercise 1” (page 157) and “Practice Exercise 11” (page 180) in the textbook.
For the data set listed, use Excel to extract the mean and standard deviation
for the sample of lengths of stay for cardiac patients. Use the following Excel
steps:
1) Enter the data set into
Excel.
2) Click on the Data tab
at the top.
3) Highlight your data set
with your mouse.
4) Click on the Data
Analysis tab at the top right.
5) Click on Descriptive
Statistics in the analysis tool list.
6) Find the mean and
standard deviation of the data sets.
7) Send the results to
instructor via e-mail, along with your analysis of the description of the data
set.
APA format is not
required, but solid academic writing is expected.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
5 Assignment 2
Coyne and Messina Articles
Part 3 Spearman Coefficient Review
Details:
1) Write a paper
(750-1,000 words) regarding the use of the Spearman rank correlation
coefficient by Messina, et al. in “The Relationship between Patient
Satisfaction and Inpatient Admissions Across Teaching and Nonteaching
Hospitals,” listed in the module readings.
2) Comment on what
variables were used; whether it answered the research question; and whether the
Spearman rank correlation coefficient is appropriately used, given the
requirements of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
3) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
6 Assignment 1
Yeung Analysis
Details:
1) Refer to “The Use of
Electro-Acupuncture in Conjunction with Exercise for the Treatment of Chronic
Low-Back Pain” by Yeung, Leung, and Chow.
2) Complete “Yeung
Analysis Worksheet.”
3) Examine the question
the researchers were trying to answer and write an essay (500-750 words) that
explains why you feel the t-test was chosen. Choose one of the other tools
studied so far in this course and explain why it would not provide relevant
findings.
4) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
5) This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
Yeung Analysis Worksheet
What was the research
question?
What were the independent
variables?
What was the dependent
variable?
What was the sample size
and how was it chosen?
What was the experimental
design and use of control group?
Were the instruments of
measurement shown to be reliable and valid?
What data types were
included?
Describe the statistics
used, what they were used for, and the results.
What were the researchers’
conclusions? How did they answer the research question(s)?
How was error controlled?
Did you see any concerns
with the research study? If so, what?
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
6 Assignment 2
Correlation between Two
Variables
Details:
Use Excel to do a
correlation between the following variables:
1) X – 2,5,5,6,6,7,8,9
2) Y – 1,2,2,3,4,4,5,5
This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
6 Assignment 3
T-Test for Two Sample
Details:
A drug company is
measuring levels of oxygenation in patients after receiving a test medication.
As the researcher, you are interested in whether Group I, which received the
medication, has the same oxygenation levels as Group II, which did not.
1) Group 1:
2,3,3,4,4,7,8,9
2) Group 2:
1,2,2,3,4,4,5,5,6,8
Use Excel to run a t-test
for two samples, assuming equal variances, with an alpha value of 0.05. Run the
t-test and note:
1) Are you doing a
one-tailed test or a two-tailed test (Excel will give you both)?
2) What is the probability
that Group I is different from Group 2, using the p value? Is it significant
against the benchmark of p < .05?
APA format is not required,
but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
7 Assignment 1
Broyles Textbook Exercise
1
Details:
1) Use Excel to complete
“Exercise 1” on page 247 (Regression Analysis) in the textbook.
2) Answer the questions at
the end of the exercise.
3) APA format is not
required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
7 Assignment 2
Broyles Textbook Exercise
7
Details:
1) Use Excel to complete “Exercise
7” on page 208 (ANOVA) in the textbook.
2) Answer the questions at
the end of the exercise.
3) APA format is not
required, but solid academic writing is expected.
This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment;
therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment
to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
7 Assignment 3
Roddy and Ganz Assessments
Details:
1) Use “Roddy and Ganz
Worksheets” to complete an assessment of the research studies: “Evidence-Based
Clinical Guidelines: A New System to Better Determine True Strength of
Recommendation” by Roddy et al., and “ICU Nurses’ Oral-Care Practices and the
Current Best Evidence” by Ganz et al.
2) In a paper (1,000-1,250
words), analyze and support whether you believe that the changes recommended
are statistically valid and sound enough to make practice changes in a
hospital.
3) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
4) This assignment uses a
grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore,
students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become
familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful
completion of the assignment.
Roddy Analysis Worksheet
Using the worksheet below,
complete an assessment of the following article.
Roddy, E., Zhang, W.,
Doherty, M., Arden, N. K., Barlow, J., Birrell, F., et al. (2006).
Evidence-based clinical guidelines: A new system to better determine true
strength of recommendation. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 12(3),
347-352. Retrieved
from.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=20870724&site=ehost-live&scope=site”>http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=20870724&site=ehost-live&scope=site
What was the research
question?
What were the independent
variables?
What was the dependent
variable?
What was the sample size
and how was it chosen?
What was the experimental
design and use of control group?
Were the instruments of
measurement shown to be reliable and valid?
What data types were
included?
Describe the statistics
used, what they were used for, and the results.
What were the researchers’
conclusions? How did they answer the research question(s)?
How was error controlled?
Did you see any concerns
with the research study? If so, what?
Ganz Analysis Worksheet
Using the worksheet below,
complete an assessment of the following article.
Ganz, F., Fink, N.,
Raanan, O., Asher, M., Bruttin, M., Nun, M., et al. (2009). ICU nurses’
oral-care practices and the current best evidence. Journal of Nursing
Scholarship, 41(2), 132-138. Retrieved
from.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/pqdweb?did=1780947491&sid=1&Fmt=3&clientId=48377&RQT=309&VName=PQD”>http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://proquest.umi.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/pqdweb?did=1780947491&sid=1&Fmt=3&clientId=48377&RQT=309&VName=PQD
What was the research
question?
What were the independent
variables?
What was the dependent
variable?
What was the sample size
and how was it chosen?
What was the experimental
design and use of control group?
Were the instruments of
measurement shown to be reliable and valid?
What data types were
included?
Describe the statistics
used, what they were used for, and the results.
What were the researchers’
conclusions? How did they answer the research question(s)?
How was error controlled?
Did you see any concerns
with the research study? If so, what?
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
8 Assignment 1
Proposal Development Paper
Details:
Write a proposal paper
(1,250-1,500 words) for a major change project that you would like to lead.
Identify a health care
issue that interests you and explain why.
Develop a rationale using
evidence-based research, including:
1) The background.
2) Statistical findings.
3) Probable stakeholders.
4) Logical conclusions.
Design an implementation
plan for the project, including:
1) A communications plan.
2) Creation of a design
and implementation team by roles.
List the strategies you
would use to lead the team to success and identify potential obstacles that may
be faced, along with plans to deal with them.
Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
HLT 540 Grand Canyon Week
8 Assignment 2
Stakeholder Scenario
Details:
1) Read and complete
“Stakeholder Scenario.”
2) Prepare this assignment
according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student
Success Center. An abstract is not required.
Stakeholder Scenario
Goal: To convince a group
of people to use a specific, new type of antibiotic for patients
pre-operatively in order to decrease surgical wound infections.
Scenario: You are a healthcare
administrator that is trying to introduce a change in practice to a group of
stakeholders. Your goal is to help them understand the rationale and need for
the change, and to get a sense of the areas of resistance to the change. The
change under discussion is to implement a new antibiotic to be given one hour
before surgery starts as a way of reducing post-op wound infections. The
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Studies (CMS) have indicated that timely
pre-op application of specific antibiotics is becoming a requirement and will
be a publicly reported indicator on the CMS Web site for your hospital. Thus,
institution of this new procedure is something you really need to pull off.
As the administrator in
this scenario, you will hear the initial responses of each of the stakeholders.
You will then be presented with several options for your response. Select the
option you think is most effective.
Review the stakeholders’
responses to the option you selected. According to their own perspectives and
prerogatives, the stakeholders will respond in different ways to each choice.
Your goal is to achieve some level of buy-in to the change.
Issues:
- The
antibiotic is new and people aren’t familiar with it.
- Requires
administration within one hour of the actual surgery start time.
- Requires
administration by IV.
- Adds a step
to the busy pre-op nurse’s work load.
- Saves the
hospital $28,000 per year.
- Research
shows wound infections down 47% with this new antibiotic if it is
administered in a timely fashion.
Players:
- Pharmacist:
He’s learned about the new antibiotic through his research studies, and is
excited about using it.
- Pre-op
Nurse: She is worried about having one more thing added to the pre-op
activities list she must complete before the patient goes to surgery, but
she’s very interested in doing the right thing for her patients.
- Surgeon: He
hates government mandates, doesn’t like to be told what to do, generally
has a pretty good track record for his patients’ outcomes after surgery,
but has no idea what his actual rates of wound infection are.
- Finance
Analyst: It’s all about the money. Don’t make it harder by concentrating
on anything other than the dollars.
Stakeholders’ Background
Thinking
Pharmacist: I really like
this idea, because this antibiotic is better and cheaper too. If we can
standardize to this antibiotic, I can save money by stocking only one
antibiotic for surgery. It will save my staff time in preparation also. This is
a great idea for me and my department.
Pre-op Nurse: I am just
worn out trying to keep up with all the changes they keep hitting us with. It’s
hard enough to do my job and remember to do things differently and use
different items. Why can’t they give me a break? Now I’ll have to start an IV
as well as give a drug, and they are already pressuring me to get the patient
ready for the OR faster. Sometimes I just want to go home!! But I got into
nursing to help people, and if this really makes a difference, I guess I can
suck it up.
Physician: The government
makes me crazy! Those bureaucrats think they know how to practice medicine
better than I do. The last thing I need is some ivory tower academic telling me
what antibiotics to give! I’ve been doing this for 30 years, and I know what
works and what doesn’t. The stupid hospital better shut up and let me do what I
know is right and stop telling me how to be a doctor. My patients like me and
that is what counts. I’m sure voting Libertarian in the next election!
Financial Analyst: I have
been tasked to save this hospital hundreds of thousands of dollars this year,
and this one change will save us a bundle. Why are they all arguing? This
change could save their jobs! Don’t they get that it’s all about the money? I
wish they’d just shut up and approve the change so we could go get lunch.
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